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Biology 30 · Worksheets

Cumulative review 1

Ten questions of mixed difficulty, covering Genetics, Molecular genetics, Nervous and endocrine, Populations, Reproduction, the senses. Print it, or work through it on screen — the answer key starts on its own page.

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Cumulative review 1

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

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Circle the best answer for each question. Show your work in the space provided.

  1. In males, what does FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) do?

    1. a) lowers body temperature
    2. b) stimulates sperm production
    3. c) stimulates testosterone production
    4. d) triggers ejaculation

  2. The daughter cells produced by mitosis are:

    1. a) missing one chromosome from each pair
    2. b) always gametes
    3. c) genetically identical to the parent cell
    4. d) genetically unique, with half the chromosomes

  3. The "fight or flight" response is controlled by the:

    1. a) sympathetic nervous system
    2. b) somatic nervous system
    3. c) cerebellum
    4. d) parasympathetic nervous system

  4. Why does long exposure to very loud noise cause permanent hearing loss?

    1. a) It tears the eardrum permanently every time
    2. b) It damages hair cells in the cochlea, which do not grow back
    3. c) It blocks the Eustachian tube
    4. d) It breaks the ossicles

  5. Crossing over, which exchanges segments between homologous chromosomes, occurs during:

    1. a) interphase
    2. b) metaphase II of meiosis
    3. c) prophase I of meiosis
    4. d) prophase of mitosis

  6. Competition between members of the same species is called:

    1. a) predation
    2. b) interspecific competition
    3. c) intraspecific competition
    4. d) mutualism

  7. What causes sickle cell anemia?

    1. a) A single base substitution that changes one amino acid in hemoglobin
    2. b) A missing chromosome
    3. c) An extra copy of chromosome 21
    4. d) A frameshift that deletes the hemoglobin gene

  8. On the lagging strand, DNA is built in short Okazaki fragments. Which enzyme joins them?

    1. a) helicase
    2. b) RNA polymerase
    3. c) DNA ligase
    4. d) a restriction enzyme

  9. Which structures detect rotation of the head?

    1. a) the Eustachian tube
    2. b) the semicircular canals
    3. c) the ossicles
    4. d) the cochlea

  10. How does a vasectomy prevent pregnancy?

    1. a) Sperm are made unable to swim
    2. b) The testes stop producing testosterone
    3. c) The vas deferens is cut or blocked, so sperm cannot leave the body
    4. d) The oviducts are tied

Answer key · Cumulative review 1

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

  1. b) stimulates sperm production — The same hormones work in both sexes. In males, FSH drives sperm production, while LH tells the testes to make testosterone.
  2. c) genetically identical to the parent cell — Mitosis copies a cell exactly, which is what growth and repair need. Halving the chromosome number and creating variety is meiosis' job.
  3. a) sympathetic nervous system — The sympathetic system speeds the heart and breathing for action. The parasympathetic system does the opposite — rest and digest.
  4. b) It damages hair cells in the cochlea, which do not grow back — Loud sound over-bends and destroys the delicate hair cells. In humans they are not replaced, so the loss is permanent — which is why hearing protection matters.
  5. c) prophase I of meiosis — Homologues pair up as tetrads in prophase I, and that pairing is what allows the exchange. It is a major source of genetic variation.
  6. c) intraspecific competition — Intra- means within: two wolves competing for a mate. Inter- means between, like wolves and coyotes competing for deer.
  7. a) A single base substitution that changes one amino acid in hemoglobin — One base change swaps one amino acid in hemoglobin. That small change makes red blood cells bend into a sickle shape — a striking example of a missense mutation.
  8. c) DNA ligase — DNA polymerase can only build in one direction, so the lagging strand is made in pieces. Ligase seals the gaps between them.
  9. b) the semicircular canals — Fluid in the three semicircular canals moves when the head turns, bending hair cells. The cochlea is for hearing, not balance.
  10. c) The vas deferens is cut or blocked, so sperm cannot leave the body — Cutting the vas deferens stops sperm leaving the testes. Hormone levels are unaffected. Tying the oviducts is the female procedure, tubal ligation.