Mixed review · Reproduction and development

Ten questions of mixed difficulty, covering Development, Reproduction. Print it, or work through it on screen — the answer key starts on its own page.

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Mixed review · Reproduction and development

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

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In males, what does FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) do?
1. a) triggers ejaculation
2. b) stimulates testosterone production
3. c) lowers body temperature
4. d) stimulates sperm production
Which hormone mainly maintains the thickened endometrium after ovulation?
1. a) FSH
2. b) progesterone
3. c) LH
4. d) testosterone
A teratogen is:
1. a) an enzyme that helps sperm reach the egg
2. b) a substance, such as alcohol, that can cause birth defects
3. c) a hormone that maintains pregnancy
4. d) a cell that becomes the placenta
Which hormone stimulates milk production after birth?
1. a) prolactin
2. b) testosterone
3. c) oxytocin
4. d) LH
Folic acid is recommended before and during early pregnancy mainly to reduce the risk of:
1. a) neural tube defects
2. b) an early labour
3. c) high blood sugar
4. d) twins
Where are sperm produced?
1. a) seminiferous tubules of the testes
2. b) epididymis
3. c) prostate gland
4. d) vas deferens
Identical twins form when:
1. a) two zygotes fuse together
2. b) two eggs are fertilized by two sperm
3. c) one egg is fertilized by two sperm
4. d) one early embryo splits into two
Where does fertilization usually take place?
1. a) the cervix
2. b) the uterus
3. c) the ovary
4. d) the oviduct (fallopian tube)
An athlete takes large doses of testosterone-like steroids. What is the most likely effect on LH and sperm production?
1. a) LH is unaffected
2. b) LH falls, and sperm production may decrease
3. c) LH rises, and sperm production increases
4. d) Sperm production increases while LH stays the same
Which germ layer forms the lining of the digestive tract?
1. a) amnion
2. b) ectoderm
3. c) mesoderm
4. d) endoderm

Answer key · Mixed review · Reproduction and development

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

d) stimulates sperm production — The same hormones work in both sexes. In males, FSH drives sperm production, while LH tells the testes to make testosterone.
b) progesterone — Progesterone from the corpus luteum keeps the lining in place. When progesterone falls, the lining is shed as menstruation.
b) a substance, such as alcohol, that can cause birth defects — Teratogens cross the placenta and interfere with development. Alcohol, certain medications and some infections, such as rubella, are examples.
a) prolactin — Prolactin, from the anterior pituitary, makes the mammary glands produce milk. Oxytocin is what releases it.
a) neural tube defects — The neural tube, which becomes the brain and spinal cord, closes within the first month — often before a pregnancy is known. That is why folic acid is recommended early.
a) seminiferous tubules of the testes — Sperm are made in the seminiferous tubules inside the testes. The epididymis stores them while they mature, and the vas deferens carries them out.
d) one early embryo splits into two — Identical twins come from one zygote, so they share the same DNA. Two eggs fertilized separately give fraternal twins, who are no more alike than other siblings.
d) the oviduct (fallopian tube) — The egg is fertilized in the oviduct on its way from the ovary. The early embryo then travels on to implant in the uterus.
b) LH falls, and sperm production may decrease — High testosterone signals the brain that levels are already high, so LH and FSH are suppressed by negative feedback. Less FSH and LH can mean fewer sperm.
d) endoderm — Endo- means inner. The endoderm lines the digestive and respiratory tracts and forms organs like the liver and pancreas.