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Biology 30 · Worksheets

Reproduction · Set A

Ten questions of mixed difficulty, covering Reproduction. Print it, or work through it on screen — the answer key starts on its own page.

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Reproduction · Set A

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

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Circle the best answer for each question. Show your work in the space provided.

  1. Where does an early embryo normally implant?

    1. a) the ovary
    2. b) the cervix
    3. c) the oviduct
    4. d) the endometrium of the uterus

  2. How does a vasectomy prevent pregnancy?

    1. a) The vas deferens is cut or blocked, so sperm cannot leave the body
    2. b) Sperm are made unable to swim
    3. c) The testes stop producing testosterone
    4. d) The oviducts are tied

  3. Where does fertilization usually take place?

    1. a) the ovary
    2. b) the cervix
    3. c) the uterus
    4. d) the oviduct (fallopian tube)

  4. Which structure stores sperm while they mature?

    1. a) epididymis
    2. b) urethra
    3. c) seminiferous tubules
    4. d) seminal vesicle

  5. During the follicular phase, estrogen levels rise. What does this cause?

    1. a) menstruation to begin
    2. b) the corpus luteum to break down
    3. c) milk production
    4. d) the endometrium to thicken

  6. About how long is a typical menstrual cycle?

    1. a) 28 days
    2. b) 7 days
    3. c) 40 days
    4. d) 14 days

  7. Why are the testes located outside the main body cavity?

    1. a) It keeps them close to the kidneys
    2. b) Sperm develop best at a temperature slightly below body temperature
    3. c) It lets them receive more blood
    4. d) It protects them from injury

  8. If pregnancy does not occur, why does menstruation begin?

    1. a) LH rises sharply and destroys the endometrium
    2. b) The follicle releases a second egg
    3. c) FSH stops the uterus from contracting
    4. d) The corpus luteum breaks down, so progesterone and estrogen fall and the endometrium is shed

  9. Which statement best describes in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

    1. a) A single cell is cloned to make an embryo
    2. b) Sperm are placed directly into the uterus
    3. c) An egg is fertilized inside the oviduct using a drug
    4. d) Eggs are fertilized outside the body, and an early embryo is placed in the uterus

  10. Which hormone mainly maintains the thickened endometrium after ovulation?

    1. a) FSH
    2. b) testosterone
    3. c) LH
    4. d) progesterone

Answer key · Reproduction · Set A

Biology 30 · maddyhelps.com

  1. d) the endometrium of the uterus — The endometrium is the thick, blood-rich lining of the uterus. It is built up each cycle to be ready for an embryo.
  2. a) The vas deferens is cut or blocked, so sperm cannot leave the body — Cutting the vas deferens stops sperm leaving the testes. Hormone levels are unaffected. Tying the oviducts is the female procedure, tubal ligation.
  3. d) the oviduct (fallopian tube) — The egg is fertilized in the oviduct on its way from the ovary. The early embryo then travels on to implant in the uterus.
  4. a) epididymis — The epididymis is a coiled tube on each testis where sperm mature and gain the ability to swim.
  5. d) the endometrium to thicken — Estrogen from the growing follicle rebuilds the uterine lining after menstruation, getting it ready in case an egg is fertilized.
  6. a) 28 days — The textbook cycle is 28 days, with ovulation around day 14. Real cycles vary quite a bit from person to person, and that is normal.
  7. b) Sperm develop best at a temperature slightly below body temperature — Sperm production works best a few degrees cooler than core body temperature, which is why the scrotum sits outside the body.
  8. d) The corpus luteum breaks down, so progesterone and estrogen fall and the endometrium is shed — With no embryo, nothing keeps the corpus luteum going. Its hormones drop, the lining can no longer be maintained, and it is shed. Falling hormones also let FSH rise to start the next cycle.
  9. d) Eggs are fertilized outside the body, and an early embryo is placed in the uterus — In vitro means "in glass": eggs and sperm are combined in a lab. Placing sperm into the uterus is a different, simpler procedure called artificial insemination.
  10. d) progesterone — Progesterone from the corpus luteum keeps the lining in place. When progesterone falls, the lining is shed as menstruation.