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Social Studies 30-1

Social Studies 30-1 · Worksheets

Resisting liberalism · Set A

Ten questions of mixed difficulty, covering RI 2: Resisting liberalism. Print it, or work through it on screen — the answer key starts on its own page.

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Resisting liberalism · Set A

Social Studies 30-1 · maddyhelps.com

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Circle the best answer for each question. Use the space to note the reasoning or the source detail that decided it.

  1. Source: "Society is a partnership between those who are living, those who are dead, and those who are yet to be born." This view most closely reflects:

    1. a) classical liberalism, which values individual choice
    2. b) conservatism, which values tradition and continuity
    3. c) Marxism, which values revolution
    4. d) laissez-faire economics

  2. John Maynard Keynes argued that during an economic depression, governments should:

    1. a) cut spending and let the market correct itself
    2. b) stop collecting taxes entirely
    3. c) increase spending, even if it means running a deficit
    4. d) take ownership of all businesses

  3. The economic policy of "laissez-faire" means:

    1. a) workers should own the factories
    2. b) government should plan the economy
    3. c) government should leave the economy alone
    4. d) trade with other countries should be banned

  4. The Communist Manifesto (1848) called for:

    1. a) a return to rule by the aristocracy
    2. b) gradual reform through elected parliaments
    3. c) workers to overthrow capitalism and end private ownership of the means of production
    4. d) lower taxes and freer trade

  5. In The Wealth of Nations (1776), Adam Smith argued for:

    1. a) abolishing private property
    2. b) a return to rule by monarchs
    3. c) free markets with minimal government interference
    4. d) government ownership of all industry

  6. Montesquieu is best known for the idea of:

    1. a) class struggle
    2. b) the invisible hand
    3. c) the harm principle
    4. d) separation of powers

  7. What was a major consequence of laissez-faire policies during the Industrial Revolution?

    1. a) Dangerous working conditions and child labour, which led to demands for reform
    2. b) Shorter working hours set by law from the start
    3. c) Equal wealth across all social classes
    4. d) Government ownership of most factories

  8. "Welfare capitalism" is best described as:

    1. a) a system where charities replace government
    2. b) an economy planned entirely by the state
    3. c) an economy with no government involvement
    4. d) a market economy combined with government social programs

  9. Which thinker argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty and property?

    1. a) Karl Marx
    2. b) Edmund Burke
    3. c) John Locke
    4. d) Thomas Hobbes

  10. Why did the Great Depression challenge classical liberalism?

    1. a) The market did not correct itself, so governments began intervening in the economy
    2. b) It proved that government spending always causes depressions
    3. c) It ended all private ownership of business
    4. d) It showed that unions had become too powerful

Answer key · Resisting liberalism · Set A

Social Studies 30-1 · maddyhelps.com

  1. b) conservatism, which values tradition and continuity — Tying today's society to past and future generations is Burke's conservatism: change should respect what has been inherited, not sweep it away.
  2. c) increase spending, even if it means running a deficit — Keynes said a depression is a shortage of demand, so government spending should fill the gap and put people back to work. It broke with laissez-faire.
  3. c) government should leave the economy alone — Laissez-faire is French for "let it be". It is the economic side of classical liberalism: minimal regulation, free markets.
  4. c) workers to overthrow capitalism and end private ownership of the means of production — Marx and Engels argued that capitalism exploited workers and would be replaced by revolution, leading to collective ownership. That is a total rejection of liberal private property.
  5. c) free markets with minimal government interference — Smith argued that individuals pursuing their own interest in a free market end up benefiting society — the "invisible hand".
  6. d) separation of powers — Montesquieu argued that dividing power between legislative, executive and judicial branches stops any one group from becoming a tyrant.
  7. a) Dangerous working conditions and child labour, which led to demands for reform — With little regulation, factory owners set long hours, low wages and unsafe conditions. Those costs are what pushed workers and reformers to resist classical liberalism.
  8. d) a market economy combined with government social programs — Welfare capitalism keeps private enterprise but adds a safety net — public healthcare, pensions, unemployment insurance. Canada is an example.
  9. c) John Locke — Locke's Two Treatises of Government (1689) said governments exist to protect those natural rights — and can be replaced if they fail to.
  10. a) The market did not correct itself, so governments began intervening in the economy — Classical liberalism assumed markets would recover on their own. Years of mass unemployment after 1929 convinced many governments — like the U.S. with the New Deal — to step in.