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Social Studies 30-1

Social Studies 30-1 · Worksheets

Mixed review · Resistance and the Cold War

Ten questions of mixed difficulty, covering Communism, fascism, Cold War, RI 2: Resisting liberalism. Print it, or work through it on screen — the answer key starts on its own page.

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Mixed review · Resistance and the Cold War

Social Studies 30-1 · maddyhelps.com

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Circle the best answer for each question. Use the space to note the reasoning or the source detail that decided it.

  1. In what year did the Berlin Wall fall?

    1. a) 1945
    2. b) 1961
    3. c) 1991
    4. d) 1989

  2. The idea of "mutually assured destruction" (MAD) meant that:

    1. a) one side could win a nuclear war quickly
    2. b) neither superpower would launch a nuclear attack, because both would be destroyed
    3. c) both superpowers agreed to destroy their weapons
    4. d) nuclear weapons were only for testing

  3. Which pairing of thinker and idea is correct?

    1. a) Smith — class struggle
    2. b) Locke — separation of powers
    3. c) Marx — the invisible hand
    4. d) Mill — the harm principle

  4. Which is a feature of a totalitarian state?

    1. a) Several political parties competing in free elections
    2. b) Secret police and censorship controlling nearly every part of life
    3. c) A free press that criticizes the leader
    4. d) An independent judiciary that limits the government

  5. Which thinker argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty and property?

    1. a) Edmund Burke
    2. b) Karl Marx
    3. c) John Locke
    4. d) Thomas Hobbes

  6. John Maynard Keynes argued that during an economic depression, governments should:

    1. a) cut spending and let the market correct itself
    2. b) stop collecting taxes entirely
    3. c) increase spending, even if it means running a deficit
    4. d) take ownership of all businesses

  7. "Welfare capitalism" is best described as:

    1. a) an economy planned entirely by the state
    2. b) a market economy combined with government social programs
    3. c) a system where charities replace government
    4. d) an economy with no government involvement

  8. Who led the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution of 1917?

    1. a) Joseph Stalin
    2. b) Karl Marx
    3. c) Vladimir Lenin
    4. d) Mikhail Gorbachev

  9. Why did the Great Depression challenge classical liberalism?

    1. a) The market did not correct itself, so governments began intervening in the economy
    2. b) It showed that unions had become too powerful
    3. c) It ended all private ownership of business
    4. d) It proved that government spending always causes depressions

  10. Why did many Germans support the Nazi Party in the early 1930s?

    1. a) The Nazis promised to reduce the army
    2. b) The Nazis were the only party allowed to run
    3. c) The Depression and resentment over the Treaty of Versailles made promises of strength and order appealing
    4. d) Germany had a long tradition of fascist government

Answer key · Mixed review · Resistance and the Cold War

Social Studies 30-1 · maddyhelps.com

  1. d) 1989 — The Wall went up in 1961 and came down in 1989. The Soviet Union itself dissolved two years later, in 1991.
  2. b) neither superpower would launch a nuclear attack, because both would be destroyed — If either side attacked, the other could still strike back with enough force to destroy it. That deterrence kept the Cold War from turning into a nuclear war.
  3. d) Mill — the harm principle — Mill wrote the harm principle. Class struggle is Marx, separation of powers is Montesquieu, and the invisible hand is Smith.
  4. b) Secret police and censorship controlling nearly every part of life — "Total" is the point: the state tries to control not just politics but the economy, media, education and even private life. The other three describe liberal democracy.
  5. c) John Locke — Locke's Two Treatises of Government (1689) said governments exist to protect those natural rights — and can be replaced if they fail to.
  6. c) increase spending, even if it means running a deficit — Keynes said a depression is a shortage of demand, so government spending should fill the gap and put people back to work. It broke with laissez-faire.
  7. b) a market economy combined with government social programs — Welfare capitalism keeps private enterprise but adds a safety net — public healthcare, pensions, unemployment insurance. Canada is an example.
  8. c) Vladimir Lenin — Lenin led the Bolshevik seizure of power in 1917. Stalin took control after Lenin's death in 1924. Marx died in 1883 and never saw it.
  9. a) The market did not correct itself, so governments began intervening in the economy — Classical liberalism assumed markets would recover on their own. Years of mass unemployment after 1929 convinced many governments — like the U.S. with the New Deal — to step in.
  10. c) The Depression and resentment over the Treaty of Versailles made promises of strength and order appealing — Mass unemployment and national humiliation after the First World War made a weak democracy look like it had failed. Other parties were only banned after the Nazis took power.